
Between 1812 and 1823 the 
Selkirk settlers/Red River Settlement used 
Pembina as a seasonal (in winter) residence.  In the early 1820's concerns were expressed over  the relationship of Pembina to the international boundary.  
Talk surfaced about abandoning fur trade, Fort Daer (Selkirk settlers), and the mission efforts; it was felt it would prevent conflict with the United Stated and encourage local populations to pursue farming instead of hunting.  In the spring of 1823, HBC left and the missionary Dumoulin left, and the settlers' Fort Daer was closed.  That same year the Long Expedition arrived in August.  By 1826 trade for HBC was carried out by private traders.
 
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